The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.